Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is an island country in East Asia. Also known as Formosa, the main island lies between the East and South China Seas, to the northwest of the Philippines and northeast of Japan. The capital is Taipei. The island is part of a chain of islands extending from Japan through the Philippines to Indonesia.
Taiwan is known for its high-tech industry, particularly its dominance in semiconductor manufacturing. The island's economy has transformed from an agricultural base to a high-tech powerhouse. Taiwan also possesses a vibrant culture, blending Indigenous, Chinese, and colonial influences. Key attractions include Taipei 101, night markets, the National Palace Museum, and Taroko Gorge. Green Island is known for diving spots and natural hot springs.
Recent developments include ongoing discussions regarding Taiwan's semiconductor supply chain, with the island's top trade negotiator stating that the relocation of 40% of its chip production to the U.S. is "impossible". In January 2026, China sent a number of high-altitude balloons into Taiwan's air defense identification zone.