Z scale is one of the smallest commercially available model railway scales, with a 1:220 ratio and a track gauge of 6.5 mm. German manufacturer Märklin introduced it in 1972. The letter "Z" was chosen because it was thought that there would never be a smaller commercial model railway scale. Z scale trains operate on 0-10 volts DC and have similar operating characteristics to other two-rail, direct-current, analog model railways. Locomotives can be fitted with digital decoders for independent control.
Märklin still dominates the European prototype market. Micro-Trains Line (MTL) specializes in North American prototypes. American Z Line (AZL) produces a variety of highly detailed North American prototype locomotives and rolling stock. Z scale is popular for those with limited space, allowing for larger layouts in smaller areas, such as briefcases or coffee tables. Z scale trains, sets, and accessories are readily available from various manufacturers. Due to the small size and light weight of Z scale locomotives, ensuring reliable operation can be challenging, requiring clean tracks. Prices vary depending on the specific items and manufacturer.
