Arduino is an open-source electronics platform comprised of both physical, programmable circuit boards (microcontrollers) and a software Integrated Development Environment (IDE). It's designed to be user-friendly for artists, designers, hobbyists, and anyone interested in creating interactive objects or environments. The Italian company Arduino designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and kits for building digital devices. Its hardware products are licensed under a Creative Commons license, while the software is under GNU licenses, allowing anyone to manufacture and distribute Arduino boards and software.
Arduino boards are designed to read inputs like light, touch, or messages and convert them into outputs such as activating a motor, turning on an LED, or posting information online. These boards are equipped with digital and analog input/output pins that interface with expansion boards or breadboards. They feature serial communication interfaces, and some models use a Universal Serial Bus (USB) for loading programs. The microcontrollers can be programmed using C and C++ via the Arduino Programming Language and IDE. Arduino boards are cost-effective and compatible across Windows, macOS, and Linux.
While pricing varies depending on the model and retailer, basic Arduino boards like the Uno can be found in the range of $20 to $30. More complex kits and boards can range upwards of $100. Arduino products are widely available through the official Arduino website, authorized distributors, and various online retailers.