Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, is a country located on the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia. It is an S-shaped strip of land stretching about 1,650 km from north to south. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos and Cambodia to the west, the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest, and the South China Sea to the east. Its capital is Hanoi, and its largest city is Ho Chi Minh City.
Vietnam is known for its diverse topography, including mountains, hills, deltas, a long coastline, and dense forests. Key attractions include Ha Long Bay, renowned for its emerald waters and limestone islands, and Hoi An Ancient Town, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its well-preserved mix of Vietnamese, Chinese, and Japanese influences. Other notable places are Sapa, famous for its rice terraces, and the Mekong Delta, known for its floating markets and traditional villages.
Recent developments in Vietnam highlight a focus on economic growth and infrastructure. The 14th National Congress of the Communist Party in January 2026 endorsed an ambitious growth agenda, targeting 10% annual GDP growth from 2026 to 2030. In 2025, Vietnam launched 234 major infrastructure projects to boost socio-economic growth. Furthermore, Vietnam is actively promoting social development and equity, with a focus on poverty reduction and improvements in living standards. A new employment law, set to take effect in 2026, aims to expand protection for informal workers.