The Seneca are an Indigenous Iroquoian-speaking people who historically lived south of Lake Ontario. They were the largest nation within the Six Nations or Iroquois Confederacy (Haudenosaunee) and were known as "The Keepers of the Western Door" because they were the westernmost of the Six Nations. In the Seneca language, they are called O-non-dowa-gah, or "Great Hill People". The Seneca Nation's democratic government predates the United States Constitution. In 1848, the Seneca transitioned from a government led by hereditary chiefs to a republic.
Today, over 10,000 Seneca people live in the United States, with the Seneca Nation of Indians primarily located on five territories in western New York. The Seneca Nation supports its people and surrounding communities through cultural, educational, and economic initiatives, including world-class casino gaming, hospitality, entertainment, and diverse business ventures. Seneca culture and values remain strong, with language, song, art, dance, and sports as vital aspects of their heritage. Recent news indicates the Seneca Nation is addressing concerns about ICE activity and working to protect tribal rights. The Seneca Nation also continues to push for a new gaming compact with New York State. A 2025 report showed the Seneca Nation generates $1.9 billion annually in Western New York, supporting over 8,000 jobs.