Abraham Harold Maslow (1908-1970) was an American psychologist, a key figure in humanistic psychology, and creator of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. This theory, first published in 1943, posits that human motivations arise from a hierarchy of needs, progressing from basic physiological requirements to self-actualization. Maslow argued that fulfilling these innate needs in order of priority leads to psychological health. The hierarchy includes physiological needs, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. Later in life, Maslow added self-transcendence to the top of the pyramid.
Maslow's early work was influenced by mentors like Harry Harlow and Alfred Adler. He taught at Brooklyn College and Brandeis University. Maslow co-founded the Journal of Humanistic Psychology in 1961 and the American Association of Humanistic Psychology (AHP) in 1962. He was named Humanist of the Year in 1967 by the American Humanist Association and served as president of the American Psychological Association in 1968. Maslow died in 1970, leaving behind a significant body of work that continues to be influential in psychology, management theory, and beyond.