Operation Condor was a campaign of political repression and state-sponsored terrorism coordinated by right-wing dictatorships in the Southern Cone of South America from 1975 to 1983. It aimed to eliminate political opponents, including left-wing sympathizers, and involved intelligence operations, coups, assassinations, and the persecution of activists. Officially founded in November 1975 in Santiago, Chile, the operation was a formal system to coordinate repression among Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Brazil.
The operation resulted in tens of thousands of deaths, disappearances, and imprisonments. It targeted not only members of leftist armed groups but also political leaders, teachers, students, journalists, and union leaders. The "Archives of Terror" uncovered in Paraguay documented the fates of Latin American political prisoners who were secretly kidnapped, tortured, and killed. Operation Condor went beyond South America, with special teams dispatched to carry out assassinations in Europe and the United States. The United States backed Operation Condor, with allegations of financing and collaboration.