The vestibular system is a sensory system located in the inner ear that plays a crucial role in maintaining balance, spatial orientation, and coordination. It works by detecting head movements and position relative to gravity. The system comprises two main components: the semicircular canals, which detect rotational movements, and the otoliths (utricle and saccule), which sense linear accelerations. When you move, fluid in these canals and sacs moves, stimulating hair cells that send information to the brain.
The vestibular system's signals are essential for various functions, including controlling eye movement through the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), which stabilizes vision during head movements. It also helps control posture and spatial orientation. Vestibular information integrates with visual and proprioceptive systems to provide a comprehensive understanding of the body's position and movement in space. Dysfunction of the vestibular system can lead to various symptoms, such as vertigo, dizziness, balance problems, and difficulty focusing.
