Mimetic desire, a concept developed by French historian René Girard (1923–2015), explains human behavior in relation to culture, highlighting how our desires are not autonomous but are instead formed by imitating the desires of others. This imitation operates largely without our awareness. According to mimetic theory, our desires are triangular, involving a subject, a model, and an object. The subject desires something by mimicking the model who already desires that object.
Girard argued that desirable objects are only desired because of societal influence, not personal preference. These "models" can be people we admire or wish to emulate, including individuals, institutions, parents or even influencers. While mimetic desire facilitates collaboration and friendship, it can also lead to rivalry and conflict as individuals compete for the same objects of desire. The theory suggests that this competition can escalate to a point where the original object becomes secondary to the rivalry itself.