Infidelity, also referred to as adultery or cheating, is generally defined as the act of being unfaithful to a romantic partner through violation of an agreement or expectation of exclusivity. This breach of trust typically involves engaging in emotional or sexual relations with someone other than the primary partner. Though definitions vary, infidelity is widely considered morally unacceptable.
Studies reveal that infidelity can inflict significant emotional and psychological distress, potentially leading to feelings of betrayal, anxiety, depression, and a decline in self-esteem for the betrayed partner. The impact often extends beyond the immediate relationship, affecting children and other family members, and can result in long-term difficulties in forming new relationships. Reasons for infidelity are varied and complex. While men historically admitted to infidelity more often, the gender gap appears to be narrowing. Some studies suggest that individual personality traits, such as low conscientiousness, high extroversion, and traits associated with Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy, can increase the likelihood of infidelity. Relationship dynamics, mental health issues like depression, and contextual factors, such as opportunities to engage in infidelity, also play significant roles. Studies show that approximately 20% of married men and 13% of married women have admitted to having extramarital affairs.